In Harmer's ARC model, what are the three stages in the correct order?

In Harmer's ARC model, what are the three stages in the correct order?

• A. Engage, Study, Activate
• B. Engage, Activate, Study
• C. Study, Engage, Activate
• D. Activate, Engage, Study

Answer: (A)

In Harmer's ARC model, the lesson should flow through three stages in a way that moves learners from interest to understanding to use. It starts with Engage, which hooks learners, activates their prior knowledge, and sets a meaningful context for the language you’ll cover. This kickoff is crucial because motivation and relevance make students more receptive to what comes next. Then comes Study, where you provide focused input and guided practice on the target language—the forms, meanings, and typical usage—so learners can understand how the language works and how it fits into real communication. Finally, Activate gives students a chance to use what they’ve learned in authentic, communicative tasks, such as discussions, problem-solving, or role-plays, which helps solidify form and meaning by producing language in real contexts. This order matters because you don’t want to bombard learners with forms before they’re engaged, and you don’t want to rely on communicative tasks without a solid, understood base. A hook and context first, clear input second, and meaningful production third create a natural, effective progression for language learning.

In Harmer's ARC model, the lesson should flow through three stages in a way that moves learners from interest to understanding to use. It starts with Engage, which hooks learners, activates their prior knowledge, and sets a meaningful context for the language you’ll cover. This kickoff is crucial because motivation and relevance make students more receptive to what comes next. Then comes Study, where you provide focused input and guided practice on the target language—the forms, meanings, and typical usage—so learners can understand how the language works and how it fits into real communication. Finally, Activate gives students a chance to use what they’ve learned in authentic, communicative tasks, such as discussions, problem-solving, or role-plays, which helps solidify form and meaning by producing language in real contexts. This order matters because you don’t want to bombard learners with forms before they’re engaged, and you don’t want to rely on communicative tasks without a solid, understood base. A hook and context first, clear input second, and meaningful production third create a natural, effective progression for language learning.